Lesson 5

In the name of Allah, Most Beneficent, Most Merciful.

Assalamu'alaikum and greetings to all.


LESSON 5 NOMINALS : PRONOUNS - PART 1

1. The pronoun is a word used in place of a noun.
2. In Arabic, there are three different categories of pronouns :
1. personal pronouns
2. demonstrative pronouns
3. relative pronouns
3. Personal pronouns are of two varieties :
1. independent or detached pronouns, ضمائر منفصلة ( dhomairu munfasilah)
2. attached pronouns, ضمائر متصلة ( dhomairu mutasilah)
4. The independent or detached pronouns are personal pronouns. They act as subject in a nominal sentence. Kindly see Table 9 below.
   

Table 9 PERSONAL PRONOUNS

PERSON	ENGLISH	GENDER	PLURALITY	DETACHED PERSONAL PRONOUNS		ENGLISH
غائب ( Ghaib )	THIRD PERSON i.e the person you are speaking about	مذكر Masculine	مفرد Singular	هُوَ	huwa	He
			مثنى Dual	هُمَا	huma	They (two)
			جمع Plural	هُمْ	hum	They (all)
		مؤنث Feminine	مفرد Singular	هِىَ	hiya	She
			مثنى Dual	هُمَا	huma	They (two)
			جمع Plural	هُنَّ	hunna	They (all)
مخاطب ( Mukhatob )	SECOND PERSON i.e the person you are speaking to	مذكر Masculine	مفرد Singular	أَنْتَ	anta	You
			مثنى Dual	أَنْتُمَا	antuma	You (two)
			جمع Plural	أْنْتُمْ	antum	You (all)
		مؤنث Feminine	مفرد Singular	أَنْتِ	anti	You
			مثنى Dual	أَنْتُمَا	antuma	You (two)
			جمع Plural	أَنْتُنَّ	antunna	You (all)
متكلم ( Mutakalim )	FIRST PERSON i.e the person who is speaking	مذكر / مؤنث Masculine / Feminine	مفرد Singular	أَنَا	ana	I
			جمع Plural	نَحْنُ	nahnu	We (two or more)

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