Lesson 21

In the name of Allah, Most Beneficent, Most Merciful.

Assalamu'alaikum and greetings to all.


LESSON 21 TABI’UN AND THE POSSESSIVECONSTRUCTION

1. TABI’UN
1. In the construction of تَابِعٌ ( tabi’un ) which means ‘following’, two nouns will be placed side by side, both with the same syntactic function.
2. The second noun follows the preceding noun in form and state.
3. The two nouns must have the same case ending ( grammatical case ).
4. In بِسْمِ اَللهِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ اَلرَّحِيْمِ , ( bismi Allahi Arrahmani Arrahimi ) which means ‘in the name of Allah, most beneficent, most merciful’, اَلرَّحْمَنِ follows ( tabi’un ) اَللهِandاَلرَّحِيْمِfollows ( tabi’un ) اَلرَّحْمَنِ.
2. POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION
1. In English, the idea of possession or ownership is conveyed by using apostrophe and s ( ‘s ) or the preposition ‘of’.
2. In Arabic, possession or ownership is conveyed by إِضَافَةٌ ( iḍhafah ) which means annexation i.e . one noun follows the other in such a manner that the former governs the latter in the genitive case.
3. In the following examples :
1. بِنْتُ اَلْمَلِكِ ( bintu almaliki ) which means ‘the king’s daughter’ ,
2. مَلِكِ بِنْتُ ( bintu maliki ) which means ‘a king’s daughter’, the first word بِنْتُ ( bintu ) is the ‘possessed’ and the words اَلْمَلِكِ ( almaliki ) and مَلِكِ ( maliki ) are the ‘possessor’.
4. In Arabic, the possessed is called the مُضَافٌ ( mudhaf ) and the possessor is called the مُضَافٌ اِلَيْهٌ ( mudhafun ilaih ).
5. Kindly see Table 55 below for the features of مُضَافٌ ( mudhaf ) and اِلَيْهٌ مُضَافٌ ( mudhafun ilaih ).

TABLE 55 FEATURES OF MUDHAF AND MUDHAFUN ILAIH

No	FEATURES	MUDHAF	MUDHAFUN ILAIH
a)	From the examples above	بِنْتُ ( bintu )	اَلْمَلِكِ ( almaliki ) and مَلِكِ ( maliki )
b)	Function	the possessed	the possessor
c)	Type of noun	an indefinite noun , does not accept the definite article اَلْ( al ) or the indefinite marker of تَنْوِيْنٌ ( tanwīn ), nunation	a proper or a common noun
d)	Case ending	مَرْفُوْعٌ ( marfu’ ), nominative case	مَجْرُوْرٌ ( majrur ), genitive case

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