Lesson 10

In the name of Allah, Most Beneficent, Most Merciful.

Assalamu'alaikum and greetings to all.


LESSON 10 VERBS : FI’IL MUDHORI’

1. As mentioned earlier, the imperfect tense, مُضَارِعٌ فعل ( fi’il mudhori’ ), denotes an incomplete action ( roughly corresponds to the present or present continuous or future tenses in English ).
2. The imperfect tense is made from the three radical letters of the perfect tense and with the addition of either ت (ta), ا (alif), ن (nun) or ي (ya) which are the signs of the imperfect tense. Kindly see Table 20 and Table 21 below for the conjugation of the imperfect tense.

TABLE 20 IMPERFECT TENSE, مُضَارِعٌ فعل, FI’IL MUDHORI’

PERSON	GENDER	PLURALITY	IMPERFECT TENSE		ENGLISH
غائب ( Ghaib ) THIRD PERSON i.e the person you are speaking about	Masculine	Singular	يَفْعَلُ	yaf’alu	He does
		Dual	يَفْعَلَانِ	yaf’alani	They (two) do
		Plural	يَفْعَلُونَ	yaf’aluna	They (all) do
	Feminine	Singular	تَفْعَلُ	taf’alu	She does
		Dual	تَفْعَلَانِ	taf’alani	They (two) do
		Plural	يَفْعَلْنَ	yaf’alna	They (all) do
مخاطب ( Mukhatob ) SECOND PERSON i.e the person you are speaking to	Masculine	Singular	تَفْعَلُ	taf’alu	You do
		Dual	تَفْعَلَانِ	taf’alani	You (two) do
		Plural	تَفْعَلُونَ	taf’aluna	You (all) do
	Feminine	Singular	تَفْعَلِينَ	taf’alina	You do
		Dual	تَفْعَلَانِ	taf’alani	You (two) do
		Plural	تَفْعَلْنَ	taf’alna	You (all) do
متكلم ( Mutakalim ) FIRST PERSON i.e the person who is speaking	Masculine / Feminine	Singular	أفْعَلُ	af’alu	I do
		Plural	نَفْعَلُ	naf’alu	We do

TABLE 21 EXAMPLE OF IMPERFECT TENSE, مُضَارِعٌ فعل, FI’IL MUDHORI’

PERSON	GENDER	PLURALITY	IMPERFECT TENSE		ENGLISH
غائب ( Ghaib ) THIRD PERSON i.e the person you are speaking about	Masculine	Singular	يَنْصُرُ	yansuru	He helps
		Dual	يَنْصُرَانِ	yansurani	They (two) help
		Plural	يَنْصُرُونَ	yansuruna	They (all) help
	Feminine	Singular	تَنْصُرُ	tansuru	She helps
		Dual	تَنْصُرَانِ	tansurani	They (two) help
		Plural	يَنْصُرْنَ	yansurna	They (all) help
مخاطب ( Mukhatob ) SECOND PERSON i.e the person you are speaking to	Masculine	Singular	تَنْصُرُ	tansuru	You help
		Dual	تَنْصُرَانِ	tansurani	You (two) help
		Plural	تَنْصُرُونَ	tansuruna	You (all) help
	Feminine	Singular	تَنْصُرِينَ	tansurina	You help
		Dual	تَنْصُرَانِ	tansurani	You ( two) help
		Plural	تَنْصُرْنَ	tansurna	You (all) help
متكلم ( Mutakalim ) FIRST PERSON i.e the person who is speaking	Masculine / Feminine	Singular	أَنْصُرُ	ansuru	I help
		Plural	نَنْصُرُ	nansuru	We help

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