In the name of Allah, Most Beneficent, Most Merciful.
Assalamu'alaikum and greetings to all.
LESSON 10 VERBS : FI’IL MUDHORI’
- As mentioned earlier, the imperfect tense, مُضَارِعٌ فعل ( fi’il mudhori’ ), denotes an incomplete action ( roughly corresponds to the present or present continuous or future tenses in English ).
- The imperfect tense is made from the three radical letters of the perfect tense and with the addition of either ت (ta), ا (alif), ن (nun) or ي (ya) which are the signs of the imperfect tense. Kindly see Table 20 and Table 21 below for the conjugation of the imperfect tense.
TABLE 20 IMPERFECT TENSE, مُضَارِعٌ فعل, FI’IL MUDHORI’
PERSON | GENDER | PLURALITY | IMPERFECT TENSE | ENGLISH | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
غائب ( Ghaib ) THIRD PERSON i.e the person you are speaking about |
Masculine | Singular | يَفْعَلُ | yaf’alu | He does |
Dual | يَفْعَلَانِ | yaf’alani | They (two) do |
||
Plural | يَفْعَلُونَ | yaf’aluna | They (all) do |
||
Feminine | Singular | تَفْعَلُ | taf’alu | She does |
|
Dual | تَفْعَلَانِ | taf’alani | They (two) do |
||
Plural | يَفْعَلْنَ | yaf’alna | They (all) do |
||
مخاطب ( Mukhatob ) SECOND PERSON i.e the person you are speaking to |
Masculine | Singular | تَفْعَلُ | taf’alu | You do |
Dual | تَفْعَلَانِ | taf’alani | You (two) do |
||
Plural | تَفْعَلُونَ | taf’aluna | You (all) do |
||
Feminine | Singular | تَفْعَلِينَ | taf’alina | You do |
|
Dual | تَفْعَلَانِ | taf’alani | You (two) do |
||
Plural | تَفْعَلْنَ | taf’alna | You (all) do |
||
متكلم ( Mutakalim ) FIRST PERSON i.e the person who is speaking |
Masculine / Feminine | Singular | أفْعَلُ | af’alu | I do |
Plural | نَفْعَلُ | naf’alu | We do |
TABLE 21 EXAMPLE OF IMPERFECT TENSE, مُضَارِعٌ فعل, FI’IL MUDHORI’
PERSON | GENDER | PLURALITY | IMPERFECT TENSE | ENGLISH | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
غائب ( Ghaib ) THIRD PERSON i.e the person you are speaking about |
Masculine | Singular | يَنْصُرُ | yansuru | He helps |
Dual | يَنْصُرَانِ | yansurani | They (two) help |
||
Plural | يَنْصُرُونَ | yansuruna | They (all) help |
||
Feminine | Singular | تَنْصُرُ | tansuru | She helps |
|
Dual | تَنْصُرَانِ | tansurani | They (two) help |
||
Plural | يَنْصُرْنَ | yansurna | They (all) help |
||
مخاطب ( Mukhatob ) SECOND PERSON i.e the person you are speaking to |
Masculine | Singular | تَنْصُرُ | tansuru | You help |
Dual | تَنْصُرَانِ | tansurani | You (two) help |
||
Plural | تَنْصُرُونَ | tansuruna | You (all) help |
||
Feminine | Singular | تَنْصُرِينَ | tansurina | You help |
|
Dual | تَنْصُرَانِ | tansurani | You ( two) help |
||
Plural | تَنْصُرْنَ | tansurna | You (all) help |
||
متكلم ( Mutakalim ) FIRST PERSON i.e the person who is speaking |
Masculine / Feminine | Singular | أَنْصُرُ | ansuru | I help |
Plural | نَنْصُرُ | nansuru | We help |
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